Deer
Whitetail Deer & Crop Depredations
Deer are probably the most widely distributed and best-recognized large mammals in North America. The white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) is found throughout much of North America. The mule deer (O. hemionus) is primarily a western species restricted to buttes, draws, and stream bottoms with sufficient forage. The black-tailed deer (O.h. columbianus) is a subspecies of the mule deer. Both white-tailed and mule deer are very important game animals. In 1974 about 2 million white-tailed deer were harvested by over 8 million hunters. The trend in both harvest and hunter numbers has been generally upward since then. The positive economic value of deer through license fees, meat, and hunter expenditures for equipment, food, and transportation can be measured in hundreds of millions of dollars. Hesselton and Hesselton (1982) estimated the value of each deer harvested in the United States to be $1,250. With the additional aesthetic value of deer to landowners and vacationers, importance of deer as a wildlife resource cannot be disputed. Despite their economic and aesthetic values, deer also have a variety of negative economic impacts—they damage crops and personal property, and harbor diseases common to humans and livestock. Unlike moles, rats, and other species implicated in damage, deer cannot be casually eliminated when in conflict with humans. But neither can landowners be expected to bear the entire burden of support for this valuable public resource. These factors often make deer damage control a difficult social and political problem as well as a biological and logistical one. Control methods are built around effective deer herd management. Thus the various state wildlife agencies are often indirectly or directly involved through subsidy of control techniques, direct damage compensation payments, or technical advice.
Damage and Damage Identification
Deer damage a wide variety of row crops, forage crops, vegetables, fruit trees, nursery stock, and ornamental, as well as stacked hay. In addition to the immediate loss of the crop being damaged, there is often residual damage in the form of future yield reduction of fruit trees or forage crops such as alfalfa. Ornamental trees or nursery stock may be permanently disfigured by deer browsing. Under high densities deer may severely impact native plant communities and impair regeneration of some forest tree species. Besides vegetative damage, deer vehicle collisions pose a serious risk to motorists, and deer have been implicated in the distribution and transmission of Lyme disease. Damage identification is not difficult. Because both mule deer and white tailed deer lack upper incisors, deer often leave a jagged or torn surface on twigs or stems that they browse. Rabbits and
rodents, however, leave a clean-cut surface. In addition, deer tracks are very distinctive. The height of damage from the ground (up to 6 feet [1.8 m]) often rules out any mammal other than deer. Deer often are observed “in the act” of causing damage.
Legal Status
Deer are protected year-round in all states and provinces, with the exception of legal harvest during appropriate big-game hunting seasons. In cases of severe or persistent damage, some states may issue farmers special permits to shoot deer at times other than the legal hunting seasons. Regulations vary on the necessary permits and on 2 1/2″ D-29 disposal of dead animals. The
popularity of deer as game animals and the need to curb poaching have led to the development of severe penalties for illegal possession. No lethal deer control can be initiated before consulting your local state wildlife agency. By law, some states provide technical assistance or direct compensation for deer damage. This is discussed under the section on the economics of damage and control.
Safety & Diseases
* Deer have been implicated in carrying ticks that cause Lyme disease. If nothing else, this should convince everyone of the need to protect themselves as ticks can be quite small and difficult to feel and see!
* Deer cause millions of dollars of damage to motor vehicles every year, including human deaths.
Deer Strike Description: redirects to “deercrash.com” website.
* Rabies: although rare, deer have been known to contract the disease. One was found in Stamford, CT in the Summer of 2005. Source–Connecticut Wildlife Sept/Oct. 2006. p. 17.
**We work hand in hand with the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation in order to legally serve your Deer / Crop Depredation Control Needs.
Copyright secured by Digiprove © 2011 Oklahoma Wildlife Control Limited Liability Company
Office: (918) 739-4382
Very few companies in North America can claim to actually have someone on staff with over 25 years experience of providing professional wildlife removals and damage repair services by themselves.
No other wildlife removal company in Oklahoma has anyone on staff, with the experience and certifications achieved by Founder and Principle Owner, Reginald Murray.
Reginald Murray is a nationally known trapper and professional wildlife management services provider. His knowledge of trapping equipment, wildlife business ethics and professional techniques for the nuisance wildlife control industry is held in the highest regard by his own peers, and yes even his own local competition. He is one of the very few truly Professional Wildlife Control Operators in North America that has been published, and respectfully requested to review regulations before they are implemented.
His company co-owner, wife and partner, Jennifer Murray is also an Oklahoma Certified Nuisance Wildlife Control Operator, and she is the Founder of the Mended Fences Ranch Inc. Non-profit Livestock Rescue organization of Oklahoma.
The vast majority of the OK Wildlife Control, L.L.C. clientele ... comes to us AFTER other companies have failed to provide professional remediation a wildlife issue or situation.
Proudly Serving:
Counties of Service in Texas:
Angelina County, Archer County, Baylor County, Cay County, Jack County, Jasper County, Jefferson County, Lee County, Nacogdoches County, Orange County, Palo Pinto County, Sabine County, San Augustine County, Stephens County, Throckmorton County, Young County
COUNTY / TOWNSHIP
Adair
Ballard -Baron -Bunch -Chance -Christie -Lee Creek -Stilwell -Watts -Wauhillau -Westville
Alfalfa
Aline -Amorita -Beard -Burlington -Byron -Carmen -Cherokee -Clay -Cloud -Driftwood -Eagle Chief -Goltry Helena -Ingersoll -Jet -Karoma -Keith -Lambert -Lincoln -Parsons -Round Grove -Saline -Spring -Stella
Atoka
Atoka -Bentley -Caney -Fanis -Lewis -Stringtown -Wilson
Beaver
Balko -Beaver -Benton -Blue Grass -Elmwood -Floris -Garland -Gate -Grand Valley -Knowles -Kokomo -Logan -Nabisco
Beckham
Bettina -Buffalo -Carter -Dabney -Delhi -Elk -Elk City -Erick -Merritt -North Fork -Poarch -Richland -Sayre -Texola
Blaine
Alfalfa -Arapahoe -Canadian -Canton -Cantonment -Cantonment Indian School -Carlton -Cedar Valley -Cimarron -Dixon -Flynn -Geary -Hitchcock -Homestead -Kennedy -Lawton -Liberty -Lincoln -Logan -Longdale -Okeene -River -Seay -Watonga -Wells
Bryan
Achille -Albany -Bennington -Bokchito -Brown -Caddo -Calera -Colbert -Durant -Kemp -Lake -Matoy -Speairs
Caddo
Abilene -Anadarko -Apache -Banner -Beaver -Binger -Boone -Bridgeport -Cache -Caddo -Carnegie -Cedar -Cement -Connewango -Cyril -Delaware -Doyle -East McKinley -Fern -Fort Cobb -Gracemont -Grand View -Hale -Highland -Hinton -Hydro -Jefferson -Lincoln -Lone Mound -Lone Rock -Lookeba -McKinley -Mound Valley -North Cement -North Cobb -North Lathram -Riverside School -Sickles -South Cement -South Lathram -Swan Lake -Tonkawa -Waconda -Walnut -West McKinley -Willow
Canadian
Calumet -Cement -Darlington -East Walnut -El Reno -Fort Reno Military and Indian Reserve -Frisco -Geary -Maple -Mathewson -Mustang -Oak -Okarche -Piedmont -Prairie -Reno -Rock Island -Union City -Valley -West Walnut
Carter
Akers -Ardmore -Berwyn -Graham -Healdton -Hewitt -Lone Grove -Morgan -Wilson
Cherokee
Briggs -Cookson -Crittenden -Grandview -Hulbert -Moodys -Park Hill -Peggs -Tahlequah
Choctaw
Boswell -Everidge -Fort Towson -Grant -Hugo -Hunter -Jeter -Oakes -Ratliffe -Soper -Swink -Wilson
Cimarron
Boise City -Cleveland -Garrett -Gresham -Kenton -keyes -Marella -Sandy Hook -Wheeless -Willowbar
Cleveland
Canadian -Case -Lexington -Liberty -Little River -Moore -Noble -Norman -Stella -Taylor
Coal
Ash Flat -Bromide -Bryan -Clarita -Coalgate -Hanraty -Haskell -Jackson -Jefferson -Lehigh -Murray -Phillips
Comanche
Brown -Cache -Cedar Grove -Chandler -Chattanooga -Crosby -Deyo -Elgin -Faxon -Fletcher -Geronimo -Hulen -Indiahoma -Lake -Lawrence -Lawton -Lincoln -Mangan -McMaster -Painter -Quanah -Richards -Saddle Mountain -Sterling -Wichita -Zella
Cotton
Beaver -Bryan -Cache -Devol -Hulen -Jackson -Jefferson -Randlett -Strauss -Temple -Texas -Walters
Craig
Big Cabin -Bluejacket -Centralia -Vinita -Welch
Creek
Bristow -Creek -Depew -Drumright -Euchee -Hazlip -Kellyville -Kiefer -Lakeside -Mannford -Markham -Mounds -Newby -Oilton -Olive -Sapulpa -Shamrock -Shannon -Slick -Sunny Slope -Tiger
Custer
Arapaho -Barnitz -Butler -Cedar -Clinton -Custer -Deer Creek -Grant -Washita -Weatherford
Delaware
Beaty -Bernice -Grove -Jay -Kansas -Mosely -Saline
Dewey
Banner -Boyd -Camargo -Clark -Cleveland -Dawson -Dewey -Grant -Haddon -Harper -Harrison -Johnson -Leedey -Lincoln -Little Robe -Marion -Oakwood -Putnam -Seiling -Sickle -Simpson -Taloga -Trail -Vici -Webb
Ellis
Arnett -Athens -Austin -Benton -Day -Fargo -Gage -Grand -Greenwood -Hopewell -Ivanhoe -Jefferson -Little Robe -Morgan -Ohio -Oleta -Otter -Parkman -Rawdon -Rock -Shattuck -Sheldon -Woodrow
Garfield
Allison -Banner -Blaine -Breckenridge -Buffalo -Covington -Douglas -Drummond -Enid -Fairmont -Flynn -Garber -Garland -Grant -Hackberry -Hillsdale -Hobart -Hunter -Keowee –Kremlin- Lahoma -Lincoln -Logan -Marshall -McKinley -Noble -North Enid -Olive -Osborn -Otter -Patterson -Reed -Sheridan -Skeleton -Sumner -Union -Washington -Waukomis -Wood
Garvin
Brady -Elmore City -Lindsay -Maysville -Paoli -Paul’s Valley -Stratford -Walker -Whitebead -Wynnewood
Grady
Alex -Amber -Bradley -Chandler -Chickasha -Cross -Dutton -Harrison -Hillsboro -Lucile -Middleberg -Minco -Naples -Ninnekah -Pocasset -Prairie Valley -Pursley -Rush Springs -Shirley -Starr -Tabler -Tuttle -Union -Verden -Vincent -Waldron -Washington
Grant
Alfalfa -Banner -Barr -Berry -Bluff -Bryan -Coldwater -Dirigo -Fairview -Gore -Hickory -Jarvis -Jefferson -Lamont -Liberty -Manchester -Medford -Nashville -Numa -Pond Creek -Prairie -Renfrow -Reno -Rock Island -Salt Fork -Valley -Wakita -Ware
Greer
Bloomington -Brinkman -Granite -Jester -Mangum -Quartz -Raney -Tilly -Willow
Harmon
Dryden -Francis -Gould -Hollis -Looney -Madge -Martin
Harper
Adams -Buffalo -Center -Doby -Garfield -George -Good -Kiowa -Laverne -Little -May -Otter -Rosston -Saline -Speermoore -Wilson
Haskell
Beaver -Brooken -Center -Diamond -Keota -Kinta -Liberty -Machire -McCurtain -Sans Bois -Stigler -Taloka -Tamaha
Hughes
Allen -Barnard -Bilby -Calvin -Dustin -Holdenville -Jacobs -Lamar -Newburg -Stuart -Wetumka -Yeager
Jackson
Altus -Baucum -Carmel -Duke -Eldorado -Elmer -Headrick -Martha -Navajo -Olustee
Jefferson
Addington -Blackburn -Bourland -Brown -Cornish -Earl -Grayson -Hastings -Patterson -Price -Ringling -Ryan -Sugden -Terral -Waurika -Wray -Wright
Johnston
Brogdon -Bromide -Garner -Garrett -Gibbs -Harris -Mannsville -Milburn -Mill Creek -Myrick -Ratliff -Thomas -Tishomingo -Wapanucka
Kay
Beaver -Blackwell -Braman -Carlisle -Cross -Dale -Hardy -Kaw City -Kildare -Longwood -Lowe -Miller -Nardin -Newkirk -Owen -Ponca City -Renfrow -Rock Falls -Round Grove -Tonkawa -Vernon -Waltham -Washunga -Weston
Kingfisher
Altona -Banner -Cashion -Center -Cimarron -Columbia -Cooper -Coronado -Downs -Excelsior -Grant -Harrison -Hennessey -Kingfisher -Lacey -Logan -Lynn -Okarche -Omega -Otter -Park -Reserve -River -Sherman -Skeleton -Union
Kiowa
Cooper -Cooperton -Dill -Gotebo -Harrison -Hobart -Lone Wolf -Marshall -Mountain Park -Mountain View -Otter Creek -Roosevelt -Snyder
Latimer
Buffalo -Cravens -Damon -Degnan -Gowen -Red Oak -Salonia -Wilburton
Le Flore
Bokoshe -Braden -Cameron -Cowlington -Heavener -Houston -Howe -Kennady -Kully Chaha -Milton –Monroe- Muse -Octavia -Page -Panama -Pocola -Poteau -Shady Point -Spiro -Summerfield -Talihina -Wister
Lincoln
Agra -Bryan -Carney -Chandler -Cimarron -Davenport -Fallis -Iowa -Kickapoo -McKinley -Meeker -North Choctaw -North Creek -North Fox -North Keokuk -North Seminole -North Wichita- Osage Otoe -Pawnee -Ponca -Prague -South Choctaw -South Creek -South Fox -South Keokuk -South Seminole -South Wichita -Sparks -Stroud -Tohee -Tryon- -Union -Wellston
Logan
Antelope -Bear Creek -Cedar -Coyle -Crescent -Guthrie -Iowa -Iron Mound -Langston -Lawrie -Le Baron –Marshall- Meridian -Mulhall -North Cimarron -Oak View -Orlando -Rose Hill -Seward -South Cimarron -Spring Creek -Springer -Springvale -Woodland
Love
Burney -Hickory -Leon -Marietta -Thackerville -Washington
Major
Ames -Bishop -Cimarron -Cleo -Crowell -Dane -Deep Creek -Fairview -Jones -Meno -Quinlan -Ringwood -Sheridan -Stone -Van
Marshall
Holfrod -Kingston -Madill -Oakland -Odell -Taliaferro -Willis -Woodville
Mayes
Adair -Bryan -Center -Choteau -Hogan -Locust Grove -Mazie -Murphy -Pryor -Rider -River -Salina -Strang
McClain
Blanchard -Byars -Colbert -Goldsby -Hopping -Johnson -Muncrief -Perry -Purcell -Turnbull -Victor -Washington -Wayne
McCurtain
Broken Bow -Eagle -Fowler -Frisco -Garvin -Haworth -Idabel -Kirk -Mountain -Smithville -Sulphur -Valliant -White -Wilson
McIntosh
Beck -Burton -Checotah -Cobb -Eufaula -Hanna -Hitchita -McDaniels -Rentiesville -Ryals -Simpson -Turner
Murray
Allen -Coyle -Davis -Dougherty -Hickory -Leeper -Lowrance -Morgan -Mosley -Sulphur -Tuerner
Muskogee
Agency -Boynton -Braggs -Brewer -Council Hill -Darling -Fort Gibson -Harris -Haskell -Martin -McLain -Moore -Muskogee -Nash -Ogle -Oktaha -Porum -Sutton -Taft -Vann -Wainwright -Warner -Webber Falls
Noble
Auburn -Autry -Billings -Black Bear -Bressie -Buffalo -Bunch Creek -Carson -Glenrose -Lowe -Marland -Missouri -Morrison -Noble -Oakdale -Otoe -Perry -Red Rock -Rock -Santa Fe -Sumner -Walnut -Warren Valley -Watkins -White Rock
Nowata
Alluwe -Armstrong -Delaware -Hickory -Lenapah -Nowata -Snow Creek -South Coffeyville -Wann -Watova
Okfuskee
Bearden -Boley -Castle -Creek -Hickory Ridge -Lester -Lincoln -Morse -Okemah -Okfuskee -Paden -Weleetka
Oklahoma
Bethany -Boone -Britton -Cass -Choctaw -Council Grove -Crutcho -Deep Fork -Deer Creek -Dewey -Edmond -Elk -Greeley -Harrah -Hartzell -Jones -Lincoln -Luther -Mustang -Oklahoma City -Pottawatomie -Spring Creek -Springer
Okmulgee
Bald Hill -Beggs -Bryan -Bryant -Dewar -Hamilton -Henry -Henryetta -Hoffman -Kusa -Morris -Natura -Okmulgee -Pascoe -Schulter -Severs -Tiger
Osage
Avant -Barnsdall -Big Hill -Bigheart -Black Dog -Burbank -Caney -Fairfax -Foraker -Grainola -Hominy -Nelagoney -Osage -Pawhuska -Shidler -Skiatook -Strike Axe -Webb -Wynona
Ottawa
Afton -Cardin -Commerce -Council House -Fairland -Miami -Narcissa -North Miami -Ottawa -Peoria -Picher -Quapaw -Wyandotte
Pawnee
Banner -Blackburn -Burnham -Cimarron -Cleveland -Coal Creek -Eagle -Hallett -House Creek -Jennings -Jordan Valley -Keystone Lake
Payne
Cherokee -Cimarron -Clarkson -Clayton -Clear Creek -Cushing -Eagle -Eden -Elm Grove -Glencoe -Henry -Indian -Mound -Paradise -Pawnee -Perkins -Quay -Ripley -Rose -Stillwater -Union -Yale
Pittsburg
Alderson -Ashland -Bucklucksy -Canadian -Crowder -Dow -Haileyville -Hartshorne -Indianaola -Kiowa -McAlester -Pittsburg -Quinton -Savanna -Ti
Pontotoc
Ada -Allen -Chickasaw -Fitzhugh -Francis -Maxwell -Midland -Roff -Stonewall
Pottawatomie
Asher -Avoca -Bales -Brinton -Burnett -Davis -Dent -Earlsboro -Eason -Forest -Maud -McLoud -Moore -Rock Creek -Saint Louis -Shawnee -Tecumseh -Wanette
Pushmataha
Albion -Antlers -Finley -Kiamichi -Kosoma -Tuskahoma
Roger Mills
Bar X -Berlin -Bowman -Cheyenne -Dewey -Hammon -Kiowa -Meridian -Reydon -Streeter -Strong -Washita -Wilcox
Rogers
Catoosa -Chelsea -Claremore -Collinsville -Foyil -Inola -Oawala -Oolagah -Talala -Verdigris
Seminole
Brown -Cromwell -Econtuchka -Konawa -Lima -Lincoln -Maud -Miller -Red Mound -Sasakwa -Seminole -Wewoka -Wolf
Sequoyah
Atkins -Blackgum -Brent -Campbell -Gans -Gore -Hanson -Long -Marble City -McKey -Moffett -Muldrow -Paw Paw -Prices Chapel -Redland -Rocky Mountain -Roland -Sadie -Sallisaw -Vian
Stephens
Brown -Comanche -Duncan -Hope -King -Loco -Marlow -McPherson -Parks -Richland -Rock Creek -Wall
Texas
Advance -Camp Keltner -Carthage -Dague -Eubank -Friendship -Frisco -Goodwell -Guymon -Hackberry -Hardesty -Hooker -Nabisco -Optima -Pleasant View -Range -Red Point -Sledgeville -Stratton -Tepee -Texhoma -Turney -Tyrone
Tillman
Alfalfa -Carr -Davidson -Frederick -Grandfield -Haskell -Hazel -Hollister -Holton -Hunter -Loveland -Maguire -Manitou -Red River -Richland -Stephens -Tipton
Tulsa
Bixby -Boles -Broken Arrow -Collinsville -Dawson -Fry -Glenpool -Jenks -Lynn Lane -Owasso -Red Fork -Sand Springs -Skiatook -Sperry -Tulsa -Wekiwa -Willow Springs
Wagoner
Adams Creek -Blue Mound -Cherokee -Coal Creek -Coweta -Creek -Gatesville -Lone Star -Okay -Porter -Redbird -Shahan -Shannon -Stone Bluff -Tullahassee -Wagoner
Washington
Bartlesville -Copan -Dewey -Jackson -Jefferson -Madison -Ochelata -Ramona -Vera
Washita
Bessie -Canute -Cordell -Dill City -Elk -Foss -Oakdale -Rainey -Rocky -Seger -Sentinel -Texas -Turkey Creek -Union
Woods
Alva -Avord -Belle -Capron -Cedar -Dacoma -Driftwood -Eagle -Elberta -Freedom -Fritzlen -Galena -Green Valley - Hopeton -Jefferson -Liberty -McKinley -OBryan -Patterson -Penn -Spring -Valley -Walnut Grove -Waynoka -Whitehorse -Yellowstone
Woodward
Cedardale -Center -Detroit -Garvey -Irwin -Jefferson -Liberty -McNeal -Mooreland -Mutual -Penn -Quinlan -Sharon -Supply -Union -Webster -Woodward